Reading Response Abel’s Island

Chessman, this Is my reading response on Babel's Island, It Is a Newbury Honor book by William Stein, a short, sweet, enjoyable story. This book have 117 pages, I love this book so much that I spend only one day to finish the whole book. This book Is about a little mouse, Babel's adventure story on the Island, he encountered many problems, but also learned many meaningful things, and he became a better person after he finally returned home.I love all the things In this kook, all the exciting adventures of Able, all the lovely Illustrations, and all the beautiful writing by William Steel, he use all the most beautiful words In the world and created an island in the dream. I believe no matter what age you are at, anyone who have a heart that contains dream will love this sweet story by William Stein. – Summary: Able, the elegant mouse live in the Impossible is enjoying a picnic in the forest with his wife Amanda, but they are interrupted by a fierce rainstorm and are forced to t ake shelter in a cave nearby.There is already many animals in the cave, so Able and Amanda must stand on the edge. A hard wind blows up Manta's scarf, Able bravely lump down and try to reach the scarf, he did reach it but the wind blows up Able into a river and he is swept downstream until he is stranded on an island. Able attempts to escape the island several times the day after the storm, even though he haven't do any work at Impossible. He build a wood ship, but failed two times for crossing the river, then he decide to make a bridge, he first made of piled up stone, and he tried o build a straw bridge, but both of them didn't work out.And finally realizes that he must survive on the island by himself. He finds a log and makes it his home in the winter. To ease his loneliness since he is the only animal that have wisdom on the Island, he creates his family out of clay and talks to them. Able also found a book called [Sons and Daughters] and a big pocket watch left by some big civ ilized creatures, these things give Able more fun and let him believe there will be some veiled animals to visits again and save him.In the harsh winter, Able has to live through the hardest times, including battling an owl, stores the food, and live under the darkness in the log. But everything became better when the spring comes, the owl Is gone, and another stranded volt from the river, a frog named Grower, comes and became best friends with Able. The had some really good times In the spring. Later, Grower leaves when the water of the river became warmer and promising that he will send for help when he gets back home.However, due to Grower's lack of memory, Able didn't receive any help after weeks passed. Able then decides to swim against the fierce river after the water level has dropped sufficiently, he think If he didn't go this time, maybe he will waited to next year again. Then Able swim across to Impossible. Able go back to his house, his wife Amanda haven't return, Able ch anged his best clothing and papered Manta's scarf, he will have many, many stories to tell her! – Connections: In the book, I read that

Time Bank

Time bank is a unique organisation that holds vast amount of knowledge and skills belonging to its customer. The way time bank operates is by allowing individuals to exchange their knowledge, skills with others. The concept of the Time Bank is based on the fact that people are all individually different, we all have different types of knowledge and we all have different set of skills, no one is good at everything, the typical situation is that we only have the capacity to be good at certain things and not all things.In a world without Time Bank, we have to pay for things we can’t do, for example I am not an expert with computers, if my computer breaks down then I would have to pay for someone to fix it. However, with the existence of Time Bank, I can exchange a skill which I am good at for someone else’s help with the repair of my computer. To illustrate this example more specifically, If a member of the Time Bank has spent two hours repairing my computer then that pers on would have banked two hours worth of time with the Bank, in another word, that person will have two hours worth of credit.When that person needs help with something he has difficulty with, he is entitled to two hours free help from another individual. So individuals can build up their credit by helping others with things that they are good at. This way, people can save time and money in dealing with difficult tasks. It is clear that Time Bank offers a service that many needs, but no such provider exists in the current market in Colchester. However, as Time Bank is such a new concept promotion of the Bank is vital. Effective promotional method needs to be used to introduce people to this new concept.I shall look into these methods in the rest of this essay, but before doing so, it is important to assess who would use Time Bank, i. e. its target audience. 2. Target Audience: One of the key reason that people will want to use Time Bank will be because that they can save money, from this it follows that Time Bank is unlikely to attract very wealthy individuals. Further, it is likely that only people who can offer knowledge or skill in return will use the Bank, this will mean that the younger and older groups are probably excluded from the target audience, as they are likely to be limited with the help they can offer.So, main target group of Time Bank is likely to be working individuals and possibly students. So, we have to have this in mind when selecting the promotion methods for the Bank. 3. Advertising: Placing adverts on local newspapers, radios and internet, magazines and possibly on television may be a good way to build the awareness of the Bank’s presence. Yellow pages is another idea, however, with the expansion of the internet Yellow pages is not as much used by people as before. So, instead, it may be a better idea to place advert on the internet, for example, Yell Colchester.With newspapers and radios it will be a good idea to place the advert on popular Colchester local papers and local radio stations such as BBC Essex and Heart Essex. In terms of magazines, if possible, it would be a good idea to select magazines that our target audience is most likely to read, something like magazines advising on money matters or D. I. Y. magazines (as it is likely that people who are interested in D. I. Y will find it more enjoyable to exchange their skills and bank their time with the Time Bank). Putting up adverts on the internet is also a good idea, an excellent website to place advert is www. sk. com, as people who go on to ask. com will normally be in the need for some kind of help, so an advert on this website will capture some of our key audiences. It may be a better idea to take advantage of free advertising, such as placing adverts on Gumtree Colchester. Putting up posters in University campus may also be a good idea, students are likely to be a key user of the Time Bank, the reason being that students do not earn any income as a result they are likely to prefer to save money by using the Time Bank.Sponsoring a University newsletter or website is another idea to build awareness in the student market, the sponsorship will enable Time Bank’s logo to appear and be seen by students. In terms of working individuals, it may be a good idea to put up posters in job searching agencies such as Reed, or paying for an advertising space on job searching websites. Distributing leaflets is another possible idea, we could position few leaflet distributors on busy locations in Colchester, such as city centre during busy times such as weekends. 4. Publicity:Publicity is a great way to promote the Time Bank, as most publicity can be done for free and more details of the Time Bank can be exposed compared to the advertising option. Writing articles on topic related to the Time Bank: The Time Bank can write an article relating to saving time and money and try to place it on to publications that our target audience mi ght read, as mentioned before, magazine relating to money matters or D. I. Y. magazines are possible options. To target students it may be a good idea to write articles for school newsletters.However, the problem that we may encounter with this promotion method is that there is no guarantee that the article we write will be accepted and published by our preferred magazines. So, to enhance the chance of our article being published it is a good idea to provide a well written article. Magazines, tends to have a long lead time, writing articles for internet magazines might be a better option, as there are higher demand for articles with internet magazines. Newspaper is another source we can supply our articles to.Newspapers have a much shorter lead time than magazines and they are often looking for materials. So, it may be a good idea looking to writing an article to local Colchester newspapers. Press releases: Sending out press releases to local newspapers is another effective promotio nal tool. However, the press release must be newsworthy in order for it to be published by local newspapers. The fact that there is no other organisation that is providing the same type of service as the Time Bank will make the press release newsworthy. Online Forums:Posting message on online forums is a cost effective way of promotion. There will be tons of D. I. Y forums, money savings forums, student forums etc on the net, posting messages or answering queries posted by other people will promote the Time Bank. When answering queries, we can post a link of the time bank’s website or/ and explain the workings of the Time Bank in the process of answering. www. Ask. com is another great internet place to get free advertising; free advertising can be gained by answering queries posted by people on the Q & A page.Try to get an interview slot on local radio shows: It will be ideal is a interview slot can be secured on either Heart Essex or BBC Essex, as these two stations are quite popular stations it will mean that they will reach out to a wide rage of audience. An interview discussing the how the Time Bank works will not only give Time Bank free advertising but also can enable people a better understanding of what Time Ban is and how it works. And this is important due to the fact that the Time Bank is such a new concept. 5. Conclusion – evaluation of the promotional methods:In the above sections I have discussed many possible promotional methods for the Time Bank. Each method have its pros and cons; advertising on the television, radio, newspapers, internet and magazines are an effective way of reaching a wide audience and is a good way of building brand awareness of Time Bank. But, such way of advertising can be costly. It was mentioned that it is possible to get free advertising from certain websites such as Gumtree Colchester, it is suggested that free advertising offered by websites should be taken full advantage of.I then looked into ways of promotion by gaining free publicity on magazines, local newspapers, local radios and internets. I think that emphasis should be placed on these types of promotion, the reason being that such methods are cost effective and it will enable people to get a better understanding of the Time Bank. Time Bank, being a new thing in the market will mean that careful explanations on the concept and workings will be needed for people to fully understand. With the advertising methods, only limited information can be displayed, but with publicity much more detail can be introduced.So, the best way to promote in my view is to select a few paid advertising methods that can target our key audiences, such as putting a paid advert on ask. com and on yell. Colchester and take advantage of free online advertising as much as possible to build Time Bank’s brand awareness. A big part of the promotion should be based on publicity, efforts should be devoted to try to get articles and press releases published in relevant magazines, and newspapers etc and get interview slots on popular local radio stations such as Heat Essex and BBC Essex.

The Effects Of Advertisements On Children s Television

The data Adams et al (2012) utilised was supplied by an audience research bureau (Attentional) and although it was considered to be the most accurate available, it is widely used by the retail and manufacturing industry so may be subject to reporting bias. Nutritional specific data for the HFSS values of the foods advertised in both 2006 and 2009 was from data collected in 2009, this data could therefore be an underestimation of the HFSS values in 2006. The comparison of data from different time periods throws up the possibility of differing levels of advertising due to seasonality. It is likely during July there are more adverts for ice-lollies when compared with October. Although the banning of adverts during children’s television shows has an effect on exposure, children can still be exposed to these unhealthy advertisements through watching family entertainment shows which fall under adult regulations (Ofcom, 2010). As the conclusion of Boyland and Halford (2012) believe that rather than just restricting HFSS food promotion more could be done to promote healthier food options and HFSS restrictions should be applied further to include internet sources. Ultimately stricter rules are needed for change. Medical Approach The medical approach involves the use of clinical or medical techniques to prevent ill health and reduce morbidity and premature death. This can be through primary, secondary or tertiary prevention (Naidoo and Wills, 2009). In tackling obesity, one exampleShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Television On Childhood Obesity1337 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of Television on Childhood Obesity Essay It is evident that the rate of obesity is steadily increasing in North America and has reached an all-time high (Novonty 2015). This is due to the lack of physical activity, increased consumption level of unhealthy foods, and the prominent amount of exposure to media such as Television (TV). Although TV has not been proven to be a direct cause for obesity, it does however contribute to the development of children and adolescence obesity due toRead MoreEffects Of Food Advertisements On The Health Of Children1303 Words   |  6 PagesEffects of Food Advertisements on the Health of Children Unhealthy food advertisements are causing obesity and health problems for children. Influential advertisements that are constantly shown to children while they watch TV, motivate them to make poor food choices. Children start to believe that unhealthy and non ­nutritious foods often referred to as â€Å"junk food† are what they should consume. Young children are not aware of what consists a healthy diet and they over ­consume the unhealthy junkRead MoreThe Effects Of Advertising On Childhood Obesity Essay1042 Words   |  5 PagesThe advertisement industry has come a long way over the years. Television ad s used to be based primarily on newspapers and magazines but with the occurrence of growing technology, has moved on to things such as radio, television and the internet. In this day and age, advertisement techniques can be considered almost predatory in nature targeting people who are interested in new forms of technology, gaming, clothing and even food. It has become easier for a products influence to make its wayRead MorePortable Digitial Devices for Adolescents Essay709 Words   |  3 Pagestechnology rapidly increases, simply viewing the effects of television programming on adolescent children does not truly advise parents and educationalists about the effects of portable digital devices, such as smart phones, tablets, and MP3 players. The rise of these digital platforms is ambiguous and new investigations are needed in regards to a child’s ability and use for these technologies. 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In Eric Schlosser’sRead MoreEssay The Effects of Consumerism on Adults and Children1085 Words   |  5 PagesThe Effects of Consumerism on Adults and Children Consumers are creatively successful when designing a persuasive advertisement for increased profitability. In a normal household, it’s the parents who have the financial obligations; therefore, it would be wise to grab their attention. On the other hand, it takes less than a strategic mind targeting children because the simplest things fascinate them. Businesses have been perfecting commercials to be effective on the viewers, for years. AlthoughRead MoreThe Correlation Between Television Advertising And Obesity1508 Words   |  7 Pagesand significance of the relationship between Television advertising and obesity. This issue has raised major debates among policy makers, academicians, the public and even marketers themselves. 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Leadership Structures That Support A Collaborative Culture...

1 LEADERSHIP STRUCTURES THAT SUPPORT Chapter III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Case study research is the in-depth study of instances of a phenomenon in its natural context and from the perspective of the participants involved in the phenomenon. (Gall, Gall, Borg, 2003, p. 436) This qualitative case study analysis was searching for themes that emerged from leadership structures that support a collaborative culture of Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) in a large high school in order to inform the creation of a guide entitled Leadership Structures that Support High-Functioning, Sustainable PLCs in High Schools: A School and District Leader?s Practical Guide. Qualitative research allowed me to deeply analyze the experience of†¦show more content†¦The research questions that guided this investigation were: What leadership structures at the school and district level best support teacher collective efficacy in secondary schools? Who needs to be a part of the instructional leadership team in order to support Professional Learning Communities in secondary schools? What activities of the instructional leadership team produce high-functioning Professional Learning Communities? This chapter presents a comprehensive overview of methodology used in this study: research design, study participants, data collection and instruments, reliability and validity, data analysis, ethical concerns, and study limitations, followed by a brief summary. Context This case study provides an in-depth and rich description of School Site A. School Site A is a large high school in the Midwest area of the United States with 2,226 students. School Site A is located in a first-ring suburb of a large urban area. The school?s student demographics include: 10.5% Hispanic/Latino, 0.9% American Indian/Alaska Native, 14.5% Black/African American, 52.7% White, and 3.1% two or more races. The administrative staff is made up of one Principal Sheila, one Associate Principal Mike, two Assistant Principals: Monique and Becky and one Athletic Director. The staff at School Site A includes: 105.84 teachers, 2.00 Media Specialists, 16.20 other licensed professionals, 18.57 paraprofessionals, and 50.97 other staff, which includesShow MoreRelatedImportant Aspects Of A Good School Leader1309 Words   |  6 Pagesgets the people to do the greatest things.† The word â€Å"leadership† can evoke a variety of mental images; the president of a nation, an army general, a CEO, school principal, or the captain of the football team. Leadership is about direction and influence (Leithwood). Chemers states that, â€Å"Leadership is the process of social influence where one person is able to enlist the help of others to reach a common goal† (Chemers, 1997, p. 1). 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The Effects Of Electroconvulsive Therapy On Other Forms Of...

INTRODUCTION I am going to be examining Electroconvulsive Therapy, which is used to treat severely depressed people, as well as other forms of psychological disorders. I’m focusing only on how this therapy is used to treat major depression, because although depression is the most treatable mental illness, it is still the one we all suffer from the most. This therapy uses electrical currents to re-charge the neurotransmitters in the brain, allowing these neurotransmitters to function efficiently, restoring the chemical imbalance in the Adrenal and Thyroid systems; which is often found in patients with severe depression. This therapy is better known through the media as â€Å"shock therapy.† Sounds scary, but it’s very safe and has been proven to help save people suffering from this often unbearable, mood disorder. POPULATION People most at risk for depression are ones who have had something terrible happen to them at some point in their lives. It could be the loss of a loved one, getting fired or laid off from a job, or finding out that your husbands been lying and cheating with your good friend. Developing major depression also increases if you’re a heavy drug user or alcoholic, and if someone in your family has had these same thoughts and feelings. If a family member has a mood disorder, studies show a significant increase that’s over double the likely-hood, of developing these distorted thoughts. Researchers also found that people between the ages of 25-44 years oldShow MoreRelatedShock Therapy Essay1492 Words   |  6 PagesShock Therapy Shock Therapy is a treatment used to adjust a patient’s brain function in psychiatric disorders. There are different kinds of shock therapy including Electroconvulsive Therapy, Insulin Therapy and Hydrotherapy. The first kind of shock therapy is Electroconvulsive therapy or ECT. The common name is electroshock therapy. The way ECT is administered is by putting electrodes on the patient’s temples, and then providing a shock to their head causing the patient to have a seizure. (WadeRead MoreChapter Thirteen Of Experience Psychology982 Words   |  4 Pagesfocuses on therapies. The four sections that are discussed in this chapter are: biological therapies, psychotherapy, sociocultural approaches and issues in treatment, and the effectiveness of psychotherapy. The treatments that eliminate or reduce symptoms of psychological disorders are biological therapies. These therapies alter the aspects of the body functioning. The three forms of biological therapy are drug therapy, electroconvulsive therapy, and psychosurgery therapy. Drug therapy is the mostRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia1238 Words   |  5 Pages7 billion. There also has to be millions of people in the world, whose lives are affected by something psychological. From diseases, disorders, phobias and more. Neurological diseases affect the brain and the behaviors of people diagnosed with them. Although there are many neurological diseases, schizophrenia is one of them. Schizophrenia is one of the more known disorders in the psychological world. Throughout this paper the following questions are answered: what is schizophrenia, what are the causesRead MoreShould Electroconvulsive Therapy Ever Be Used to Treat2068 Words   |  9 PagesSHOULD ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY EVER BE USED TO TREAT MENTAL DISORDERS? A. Thesis Statement Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a treatment for severe mental illness in which the brain is stimulated with a strong electrical current which induces a seizure. The seizure rearranges the brains neurochemistry and results in an elevation of mood. This essay asks: Is ECT any safer and more effective in treating mood disorders than drug therapies? This treatment has a controversial history ever sinceRead More Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) is a Safe Treatment for Mental Disorders2006 Words   |  9 PagesStatement Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a treatment for severe mental illness in which the brain is stimulated with a strong electrical current which induces a seizure. The seizure rearranges the brains neurochemistry and results in an elevation of mood. This essay asks: Is ECT any safer and more effective in treating mood disorders than drug therapies? This treatment has a controversial history ever since it was first introduced in 1938. I intend to argue that electroconvulsive therapy is indeedRead MoreTreatment Of Schizophrenia And Generalized Anxiety Disorder1427 Words   |  6 Pages Some of the common psychiatric disorders that are experienced by patients include depression, schizophrenia and generalized anxiety disorder. The psychiatric disorders may be caused by both genetic and environmental factors. 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Up until 1973, homosexuality was also referred to as a mental disorder by the American Psychiatric Association. People could be openly criticized, mocked, and often killed for simplyRead MoreClincal Depression Essay1445 Words   |  6 Pagesis a very common disease that will affect a large percentage of th e population at some point during their life span. At least 10% of all people will suffer from a major depressive disorder, while even a larger percentage will suffer from some type of mild depression. It is a serious disease that has been linked to other physical and mental illnesses. It has also been a cause of death in numerous cases due to suicide and heart disease. The most disturbing fact about depression is that it so often

The Hobbit free essay sample

Tolkien uses the characters in The Hobbit and symbolism of the good versus evil to depict that racism in society is destructive. Tolkien was known for his legendarium, which is Tolkien’s imagined world of Arda. Tolkien, throughout the story, references topics related to racism, such as superiority and bloodlines. While Tolkien thought that racism would be destructive for the human race, he still incorporated it into this novel. Its hard to depict if Tolkien is writing about racism but there is not a doubt that in The Hobbit there is racial division and it sets up great talking points. In The Hobbit the author J. R Tolkien uses racism through symbolism and the manipulation of characters and their action to cause controversy in the story and to show that racism is destructive for everyone. Tolkien used symbolism through his characters and Middle Earth to portray that their was some sort of racial divide in The Hobbit. Christine Chism who is a contributor to the website tolkiengateway mentions this issue on Tolkien’s writing, â€Å"especially The Hobbit could be in the three categories: intentional racism, unconscious Eurocentric bias, and an evolution from latent racism in Tolkiens early work to a conscious rejection of racist tendencies in his late work, which he may have not indented to do so (Tolkien Gateway). † With the majority of free people from Middle Earth being and white that goes with what was happening during with slaver and anti-Semitism the time The Hobbit was written. The Uruk-Hai were described as black-skinned and the orcs were beast like creatures that could be inferred to as slaves which would cause for racism. In The Hobbit Tolkien portrays the good races being in harmony with nature, With all of the races that Tolkien created in The Hobbit, from elves, dwarves, trolls and goblins they all differed philosophically and morally. From the Elves and Dwarves distrusting each other, the ranks within the Orcs such as the Uruk-hai Orcs, which were the highest ranking to which they held superior over the common Orcs, they called snaga, which translates to slave. This is obvious that Tolkien used these characters as symbols to portray racism in someway. While Tolkiens statement comparing Orcs to the Mongol-types is undoubtedly insensitive given todays standards, he does put a disclaimer, (to Europeans,) before least lovely, at least recognizing Western cultural bias and also points out that they were degraded and repulsive versions of Mongol-types, not actual Mongol-types (Tolkien Gateway). With the ways the Tolkien created the characters from the Orcs to the Hobbits is in indication that he was using racism in some type in The Hobbit, which helped cause Tolkien is guilty of being insensitive of the race, which goes against his virtues of racism being destructive for society. Geoffrey James writes an intriguing article called â€Å"The Unsavory Racism of Middle Earth† and how Tolkien’s growing up affected his writing in The Hobbit and how it affected the World War 1 generation. In Tolkien’s generation, the inherent superiority of the light-skinned races over dark-skinned races was considered â€Å"scientific fact. † As late as the 1930s, â€Å"science† books positioned black people as less evolved than white people. For example, the first edition of the quite popular book The Earth for Sam (an introduction to paleontology for children) states that the â€Å"white primate† is the pinnacle of evolution (James). James also goes on to explain that Tolkien’s creation of an essentially racist world would emerge naturally in the early 20th century. James claims that â€Å"Tolkien based Middle Earth on medieval Europe and therefore it just reflects racism in that period† (James). Also in the â€Å"The Unsavory Racism of Middle Earth† James mentions that one reason why Tolkien created such a race driven world was to portray the race driven world he grew up in but also to reflect the racial prejudice of his generation. Another intriguing topic that James brings up is Tolkien’s father is from South Africa and we all know the racial tension and turmoil that has taken place throughout that countries history. In South Africa racism has plagued that country for many years. The battle between the whites and blacks caused lots of social tension throughout the country and with Tolkien himself and his father both living their for a period of time the racism their could have affected his writings. J. R. R Tolkien wrote the Tolkien Letters and they depict letters from all of the novels that he has written. All of the letters the Tolkien wrote were nonfiction and they help explain what he was talking about in the stories that he wrote. Here is how Tolkien describes the orcs. †Squat, broad, flat-nosed, sallow-skinned, with wide mouths and slant eyes; in fact degraded and repulsive versions of the (to Europeans) least lovely Mongol-types. (Letters 214) Calling them Mongol-types is very insensitive for today’s times. Tolkien writes in the letters about the subject of racism and how people look at racism in his writings. Tolkien and his German publisher got in a battle in the Letters with letter 29 and 30 published in the book. Tolkien made the point-of-view the hobbits that their race is being overlooked. These two letters are as followed Letter 29 was Tolkien’s German Publishers asking if he was of Aryan origin, which could potential cause Tolkien to side with Hitler. I must say that the enclosed letter from Rutten amp; Loening is a bit stiff. Do I suffer this impertinence because of the possession of a German name, or do their lunatic laws require a certificate of arisch origin from all persons of all countries? Personally I should be inclined to refuse to give any Bestatigung (although it happens that I can), and let a German translation go hang. In any case I should object strongly to any such declaration appearing in print. I do not regard the (probable) absence of all Jewish blood as necessarily honourable; and I have many Jewish friends, and should regret giving any colour to the notion that I subscribed to the wholly pernicious and unscientific race-doctrine (Tolkien Letters 29). †While the German publisher asked if Tolkien was of Aryan origin could be another reason he was influenced to included racial divide in his writings. But, Tolkien vehemently denied that he was of Aryan ascent, which was in Letter 30. Thank you for your letter I regret that I am not clear as to what you intend by arisch. I am not of Aryan extraction: that is Indo-Iranian; as far as I am aware noone (sic) of my ancestors spoke Hindustani, Persian, Gypsy, or any related dialects. But if I am to understand that you are enquiring whether I am of Jewish origin, I can only reply that I regret that I appear to have no ancestors of that gifted people (Tolkien Letters 30). These two letters are examples of why Tolkien thought racism was destructive since he was being accused of something that he in his mind was not doing. The Tolkien letters that are published are very important to Tolkien’s reputation and help explain him, which might not be possible if he did not publish the letters. Jason Fisher writes a unique review of â€Å"Tolkien, Race and Culture History: From Fairies to Hobbits† which Dimitra Fimi wrote about many things that Tolkien included in his writings. One of the many intriguing items was how Fimi depicted the racial division in The Hobbit with the characters Elves and Hobbits. Fimi goes on to say that each of the aces in Middle-earth has a division and it goes back to racism. She explains these with what she says are distinct physical and mental capabilities about race and his views on it (Fisher 170). She also compares the Hobbits and Elves with other things at Tolkien has written. Tolkien thought that racism destructive and did not know why people should care what color of your skin was and why it should matter in liking a person. The article on Global Issues website written by Anup Shah gives a description of what racism is and how racism had an effect on Europe. In 2010 a report on racism from the Europe and included this quote â€Å"Europe has a regional human rights architecture which is unrivaled elsewhere in the world (Shah). Shah writes Ethnic minorities and different cultures in one country can often be used as a scapegoat for the majority during times of economic crisis. That is one reason why Nazism became so popular (Shah). Which relates back to The Hobbit, with the orcs being the scapegoat. From the goblins being evil to the all of the elves being good could potentially reflect what has happening in Europe when Tolkien was writing The Hobbit. When Tolkien was writing this novel there was lot of racism and discrimination going on in Europe and potentially Tolkien could be using the different races and groups of people as the characters that he has portrayed throughout the book. Tolkien lived in Europe and when he was writing The Hobbit there were many unstable times with race going on in the continent. During this time the neo-Nazism was felt all around Europe and playing a major role in how people acted. In this article â€Å"Racism and Tolkien† from In The Armchair they also discuss the negative aspect of Tolkien using racism in his writings especially in The Hobbit. Armchair state this â€Å"This morality is often expressed in terms of light and darkness, fairness versus swarthiness it isn’t impossible for elves to be evil, but they are. Men are good as long as they throw their lot in with the West, and evil if they choose the East. The evil men are swarthy the good men are fair. Orcs are inherently, irredeemably evil (Armchair). Armchair focuses on the morality aspect of Tolkien using race in The Hobbit and how Tolkien does this through symbols throughout the book. While there is a negative aspect of Tolkien and his use of race in The Hobbit it helps prove his point that racism is destructive to society. Race is such a polarizing topic throughout the world today and J. R. R Tolkien in The Hobbit was not afraid to use it in this book. Even though Tolkien was criticized for using symbolism from his characters to specific battles to the creation of Ada Tolkien never backed down from his critics. With the childhood experiences Tolkien had and what racism he saw when he was in Europe he realized it was not good for anyone in society to participate. Even though The Hobbit has elements of being race based it is very easy to criticize Tolkien for this without understanding he was trying to make. Tolkien used The Hobbit to express his feelings about racism and how it is destructive for society.

Reflection for Chapter free essay sample

Reflection for path-goal Leadership Key behaviours among group members Most of us were participative and had a supportive leadership path, which means being more people-oriented. Differences among individual members 2 of us are task focused when it comes to leadership. One is directive and another is achievement-oriented. What results were surprising? What were possible causes of the differences? We had thought that our leadership styles would be the same. Giri and Santra (2010) found that Job experiences influence the leadership styles of employees. They add that each person goes through his/her own learning makes ecisions based on his/her life experiences. Each of us had different experiences prior to becoming a group. How did individual members or the group react to differences among the groups behaviours? We were accepting toward the different leadership styles each one preferred and valued each ones strengths. Depending on the situation, we would chose to let the most suitable person lead. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection for Chapter or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page What was one key factor that the group learnt about each other? We realised that everyone could lead, just in different ways. We are made differently and each of us subconsciously displays our personal leadership style. We have to give each other a chance to display their strengths associated with a particular style of leadership when there is a need to. How activity is linked to discussion topic By deciding what leadership style we would use in a particular situation, and having learnt which style fit best to a situation, we each know which situations we triumph most, and which we have scope for learning to modify our usual styles. Reference: Girl, V Santra, T 2010, Effects of Job experience, career stage, and hierarchy on leadership style, Singapore Management Review, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 85-93.